Rectifier Working Principle
In rectifiers, when AC current or voltage is applied to the diode, the diode becomes forward biased in the positive part and passes current. When the voltage changes direction and is applied negatively, the diode becomes reverse biased, thus blocking the current. As a result, since current flows only in the positive direction, the current is rectified and DC current is obtained.
Rectifiers consist of two parts: the device charging unit and the maintenance-free battery group.
- Charging Unit
The most important thing to consider when using maintenance-free batteries is to use the appropriate charging method. If the appropriate charging method is not used, the performance and life of the batteries will decrease.
Standard Rectifier series rectifiers use constant voltage charging as the charging method and the initial charging current is limited to 1.5A. In this way, the performance and life of the batteries in the device are extended. After the 220V AC input voltage is reduced to 30V AC with a transformer, this AC voltage is converted to DC voltage with the help of a phase-controlled filter in order to warm up the regulator circuit and prevent losses. This DC voltage obtained is given to a current limiting regulator to obtain a total output of 27.6V, 2.30V per eye at 20 degrees.
In other rectifier series, the system automatically adjusts itself to charge the battery used with 10% Ah. This process is called buffer charging, it is automatically adjusted with 20% Ah value of the battery during the fast charging phase. Another issue that affects battery performance and life is battery temperature. Battery manufacturers’ recommended buffer charge voltage is 2.275 Volts per cell at 20C*. It is recommended to reduce the charging voltage by 5mV for each degree increase in battery temperature. In this way, a 2-fold increase in the lifespan of the batteries is achieved.
- Maintenance-Free Battery Group
BAR 24V devices have 2 12V batteries, and BAR 110V devices have 9 12V batteries. These batteries are connected in series to obtain the 24VDC and 110VDC voltage required by the user. Maintenance-free batteries have great advantages over traditional lead-acid batteries.
They are also known as VRLA Battery (Valve Regulated Lead Acid).
The advantages are as follows.
- There is no acid leakage.
- It does not release gas in case of overcharging.
- There is no danger of explosion.
- It has a lifespan of 5 to 10 years under normal use conditions.
- It does not require acid or water control during this period.
- It can hold a charge even in a very heavy discharge state.
- It can draw current up to 3 times its capacity.
- It works with a very wide temperature range.
- It has a very smooth discharge curve.
